13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -8- (deep crack), the values of bσ0/J at maximum loads are within 54-64 and 38-62 for λ=0.5 and λ=1.0, respectively. For the SECP with a/W=0.3 (shallow crack), the values of aσ0/J at maximum loads are around 4 and within 4-8 for λ=0.5 and 1.0, respectively. Table 3. FEA results for SECP specimen under λ=1.0 a/W 0.1 0.3 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 0.100 0.87886 0.52283 0.36139 0.23252 0.16637 0.250 0.86428 0.50841 0.34846 0.22094 0.15636 0.150 0.87193 0.51733 0.35721 0.22864 0.16388 0.500 0.82627 0.47641 0.32046 0.19371 0.12998 0.200 0.86218 0.50929 0.35109 0.22374 0.16031 0.600 0.80984 0.46398 0.30834 0.18463 0.12093 0.250 0.85161 0.49880 0.34068 0.21418 0.15242 0.750 0.78229 0.44228 0.29016 0.16935 0.10651 0.350 0.82909 0.47963 0.32432 0.20187 0.13979 0.850 0.76195 0.42490 0.27680 0.15829 0.09611 0.500 0.79407 0.45111 0.30062 0.18177 0.12125 0.900 0.75108 0.41559 0.26863 0.15116 0.08927 0.600 0.77063 0.43254 0.28539 0.16720 0.10688 0.950 0.73967 0.40585 0.25995 0.14343 0.08173 0.750 0.73304 0.40275 0.25903 0.14895 0.09111 1.000 0.72792 0.39549 0.25051 0.13646 0.07483 0.850 0.70541 0.37904 0.24150 0.13336 0.08086 1.050 0.71585 0.38461 0.24033 0.12657 0.06438 0.900 0.69224 0.36832 0.23012 0.12645 0.07315 1.100 0.70320 0.37306 0.22917 0.11525 0.05330 0.950 0.67725 0.35462 0.22064 0.11689 0.06747 1.150 0.69053 0.36099 0.21703 0.10185 1.000 0.66360 0.34334 0.20847 0.10631 0.05870 1.200 0.67721 0.34673 0.20361 1.050 0.64850 0.32933 0.19825 0.09724 1.300 0.65063 0.31715 0.17182 1.100 0.63293 0.31458 0.18450 0.08444 1.400 0.62324 0.28424 1.150 0.61916 0.30239 0.16985 0.06920 1.500 0.59711 1.200 0.60332 0.28683 0.15454 1.250 0.58730 0.27077 0.13766 1.300 0.57114 0.25416 1.400 0.53570 0.21928 1.500 0.50197 0.18206 1.600 0.46465 a/W 0.5 0.7 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 0.050 0.89539 0.53593 0.37253 0.24163 0.17648 0.010 0.89473 0.53599 0.37287 0.24197 0.17685 0.100 0.88733 0.52721 0.36488 0.23443 0.17060 0.020 0.88944 0.53067 0.36825 0.23572 0.17150 0.150 0.88333 0.52205 0.35942 0.22926 0.16424 0.030 0.88477 0.52430 0.36202 0.23258 0.16777 0.200 0.88231 0.51950 0.35476 0.22375 0.15827 0.040 0.88147 0.52076 0.35844 0.22695 0.16194 0.250 0.88454 0.52020 0.35377 0.21954 0.15259 0.050 0.88117 0.51803 0.35517 0.22317 0.15793 0.300 0.89055 0.52282 0.35431 0.21939 0.14867 0.060 0.88350 0.51901 0.35378 0.22090 0.15523 0.350 0.89971 0.52851 0.35893 0.22101 0.14978 0.070 0.88898 0.52136 0.35405 0.21952 0.15264 0.380 0.90671 0.53415 0.36306 0.22482 0.15137 0.080 0.89831 0.52735 0.35806 0.22293 0.15239 0.400 0.91272 0.54037 0.36806 0.22831 0.15571 0.090 0.91089 0.53800 0.36607 0.22799 0.15500 0.420 0.91989 0.54386 0.37220 0.23301 0.16182 0.095 0.91888 0.54394 0.37266 0.23134 0.15918 0.440 0.92651 0.55243 0.37959 0.23953 0.100 0.92830 0.55118 0.37852 0.23782 0.16529 0.450 0.93211 0.55492 0.38148 0.24372 0.105 0.93908 0.55960 0.38576 0.24612 0.17609 0.460 0.93605 0.56045 0.38644 0.24899 0.110 0.94889 0.56956 0.39663 0.25629 0.19288 0.470 0.94035 0.56369 0.39208 0.25838 0.115 0.96294 0.58105 0.40683 0.27180 0.480 0.94748 0.57034 0.39848 0.26546 0.120 0.97548 0.59448 0.42219 0.490 0.95240 0.57420 0.40189 0.125 0.99333 0.60988 0.43656 0.500 0.95775 0.57854 0.40964 0.130 1.00926 0.62795 0.135 1.02745 0.64357 The obtained numerical solutions of A for biaxial loading ratios λ=0.5 and 1.0 and relative crack lengths a/W=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 are listed in Tables 2-3, 4-5 and 6-7 for the SECP, CCP and DECP specimens, respectively. Typical numerical solutions for parameter A for a/W=0.3, 0.7 are presented in Figures 4-5 (λ=0.5) and Figures 6-7 (λ=1.0) for the SECP specimen as well as Figures 8-9 (λ=0.5) and Figures 10-11 (λ=1.0) for DECP specimen. 3.4. Discussions on FEA results and constraint effect Examining the solutions of A obtained from FEA results for the SECP, CCP and DECP specimens under biaxial loading, it is found that, the curve shape similarity observed by Nikishkov et al. [12]
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