13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -11- Table 6. FEA results for DECP specimens under λ=0.5 a/W 0.1 0.3 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 0.150 0.90737 0.54685 0.38224 0.24968 0.18406 0.100 0.90818 0.54679 0.38187 0.24907 0.18328 0.250 0.91158 0.54958 0.38434 0.24954 0.18362 0.150 0.91077 0.54809 0.38272 0.24964 0.18426 0.450 0.91661 0.55176 0.38502 0.25097 0.18526 0.250 0.91332 0.54994 0.38431 0.25151 0.18576 0.650 0.92183 0.55453 0.38650 0.25036 0.18286 0.350 0.91581 0.55120 0.38497 0.25171 0.18676 0.800 0.92350 0.55846 0.38904 0.25207 0.18261 0.450 0.91898 0.55328 0.38644 0.25232 0.18717 0.900 0.92404 0.55951 0.39042 0.25231 0.18207 0.550 0.92276 0.55630 0.38841 0.25332 0.18683 1.000 0.92281 0.55986 0.39114 0.25285 0.18237 0.650 0.92587 0.55910 0.38993 0.25278 0.18533 1.100 0.91969 0.55978 0.39137 0.25287 0.18183 0.750 0.92773 0.56158 0.39163 0.25428 0.18495 1.200 0.91664 0.55808 0.39106 0.25291 0.18259 0.900 0.92889 0.56526 0.39526 0.25590 0.18511 1.300 0.91133 0.55569 0.39007 0.25310 0.18236 1.000 0.92894 0.56735 0.39783 0.25800 0.18644 1.400 0.90467 0.55211 0.38811 0.25245 0.18210 1.100 0.92694 0.56796 0.40010 0.26100 0.18924 1.500 0.89569 0.54713 0.38449 0.25125 0.18167 1.200 0.92502 0.56908 0.40195 0.26447 0.19433 1.600 0.88816 0.54103 0.38036 0.24910 0.18155 1.300 0.91854 0.56778 0.40363 0.26817 0.19935 1.700 0.87634 0.53350 0.37532 0.24657 0.18074 1.400 0.91268 0.56469 0.40386 0.27134 0.20534 1.800 0.86651 0.52693 0.37039 0.24319 0.17890 1.500 0.90479 0.56190 0.40302 0.27421 0.21158 1.900 0.85595 0.51778 0.36420 0.23931 0.17728 1.600 0.89916 0.55791 0.40105 0.27645 2.000 0.84454 0.51006 0.35776 0.23568 0.17673 1.700 0.88761 0.55272 0.39962 0.27887 2.100 0.83298 0.50128 0.35187 0.23310 1.800 0.87853 0.54614 0.39536 2.200 0.82121 0.49443 0.34718 0.23264 1.900 0.86295 0.53798 0.39186 2.300 0.81263 0.48848 0.34429 2.000 0.85140 0.53106 2.400 0.80199 0.48358 0.34293 2.100 0.84044 0.52425 2.500 0.79129 0.47979 2.600 0.78375 0.47724 a/W 0.5 0.7 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 σ/σ0 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=7 n=10 0.150 0.91213 0.54967 0.38424 0.25152 0.18575 0.050 0.90756 0.54713 0.38246 0.24982 0.18460 0.250 0.91537 0.55176 0.38630 0.25296 0.18823 0.100 0.91131 0.54896 0.38365 0.25101 0.18524 0.350 0.92087 0.55515 0.38849 0.25473 0.18914 0.150 0.91350 0.55048 0.38552 0.25269 0.18811 0.450 0.92621 0.55914 0.39048 0.25557 0.18958 0.250 0.92076 0.55507 0.38757 0.25433 0.18911 0.550 0.93263 0.56450 0.39434 0.25664 0.18947 0.350 0.93280 0.56356 0.39414 0.25718 0.18980 0.650 0.93932 0.57156 0.40038 0.26070 0.19044 0.400 0.94105 0.57144 0.40002 0.26099 0.19214 0.750 0.94625 0.58013 0.40872 0.26762 0.19572 0.450 0.95005 0.58115 0.40893 0.26817 0.19751 0.800 0.94794 0.58492 0.41389 0.27244 0.20114 0.500 0.95887 0.59267 0.42054 0.27911 0.20770 0.850 0.95095 0.58934 0.41932 0.27876 0.20698 0.510 0.96088 0.59506 0.42304 0.28158 0.21009 0.900 0.95329 0.59420 0.42516 0.28572 0.21520 0.520 0.96283 0.59756 0.42566 0.28417 0.21276 0.920 0.95461 0.59628 0.42726 0.28844 0.21833 0.530 0.96481 0.60010 0.42834 0.28693 0.21570 0.940 0.95575 0.59727 0.42972 0.29143 0.22230 0.540 0.96671 0.60269 0.43112 0.29050 0.21966 0.950 0.95501 0.59886 0.43069 0.29296 0.22428 0.550 0.96864 0.60531 0.43396 0.29343 0.22287 1.050 0.95901 0.60715 0.44230 0.30817 0.600 0.97945 0.61862 0.44863 0.30978 0.24169 1.100 0.95830 0.61053 0.44644 0.31548 0.650 0.98736 0.63150 0.46353 0.32651 1.150 0.95977 0.61315 0.45130 0.32235 0.680 0.99393 0.63871 0.47106 0.33586 1.200 0.95740 0.61509 0.45563 0.32872 0.700 0.99604 0.64316 0.47639 0.34215 1.250 0.95773 0.61597 0.45938 0.33408 Based on the observations represented above, it can be concluded that, (1) in general, constraint level in crack-tip fields increases with the increase of biaxial loading ratio, λ; (2) the constraint level for materials with smaller values of hardening exponent n increases more with increased biaxial loading ratio; (3) the constraint level for shallow cracks rises more with increase of biaxial loading ratio; (4) comparing SECP and CCP specimens, an increase of biaxial loading ratio raises the constraint level of DECP more. 4. Conclusions In this paper, numerical (finite element) solutions for the constraint parameter A for three plane strain mode I specimens, SECP, CCP and DECP, under biaxial load have been obtained based on the extensive finite element analyses of specimen crack-tip fields.
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